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Laennec's cirrhosis is named after René Laennec, a French physician and the inventor of the stethoscope. It is a disease of the liver in which the normal lobular architecture is lost, with fibrosis and later nodular regeneration. Laennec's cirrhosis can be associated with inflammatory polyarthritis, most commonly affecting the shoulders, elbows and knees. Osteoporosis, soft tissue swelling in peripheral joints and sometimes calcific periathritis are seen. In the developed world, Laennec's cirrhosis most commonly affects middle-aged males, typically ages 40–60. This is the most common form of cirrhosis in the U.S. In areas of the world afflicted with chronic starvation, (Africa and Asia), children are most commonly afflicted. ==Etiology== Severe protein deficiency can cause Laennec's cirrhosis. Two causes have been identified. The first is malnutrition, or, more specifically, protein deprivation. This is seen in starving children who have insufficient supplies of protein and therefore manufacture insufficient amounts of lipoproteins. They develop fatty livers: it is presumed that if they survive, cirrhosis will develop. Chronic alcoholism can cause Laennec's cirrhosis. Whether or not alcohol alone can produce fatty nutritional cirrhosis has been debated for decades. Current evidence is that it can. If so, the condition should be renamed "alcoholic cirrhosis". Those who do not subscribe to the "alcohol-as-a-poison" school state that the changes to be described are the result of malnutrition common to alcoholics. They argue that alcoholics, in a sense, are no different from those in a state of chronic protein deprivation — both have protein deprivations. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Laennec's cirrhosis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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